The correct answer is (b), 1872.
The first census of British India was conducted in 1872. It was a massive undertaking, involving the enumeration of over 250 million people. The census was conducted by the British government, and its main purpose was to collect data on the population of India for administrative and planning purposes.
The census was divided into two parts: a house-to-house enumeration and a village survey. The house-to-house enumeration was conducted by a team of enumerators, who visited every household in the country and collected information on the number of people living in the household, their age, sex, religion, occupation, and caste. The village survey was conducted by a team of village accountants, who collected information on the number of villages in the country, their population, and their landholdings.
The results of the census were published in a series of reports, which provided a wealth of information on the population of India. The census was a valuable tool for the British government, and it has been used by successive governments of India to plan and develop the country.
The other options are incorrect because they are not the years in which India’s first census took place.