The correct answer is: B. Keshavananda Bharti case
The Kesavananda Bharati case was a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of India in which the Court upheld the supremacy of the Constitution and the basic structure doctrine. The case was decided in 1973, and it has had a profound impact on the development of Indian law.
The case arose out of a challenge to a Kerala law that sought to amend the Hindu Succession Act. The law would have allowed a Hindu woman to inherit property from her father, even if she had brothers. The petitioner in the case, Kesavananda Bharati, argued that the law violated the fundamental rights guaranteed to Hindu women under the Constitution.
The Supreme Court held that the law was unconstitutional. In its decision, the Court held that the Constitution is a “basic structure” that cannot be amended by Parliament. The Court also held that the fundamental rights are part of the basic structure.
The Kesavananda Bharati case has been cited in numerous other cases, and it has been used to strike down a number of laws that have been challenged as unconstitutional. The case has also been used to uphold the supremacy of the Constitution and the rule of law in India.
The other options are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the Supreme Court’s decision in the Kesavananda Bharati case.
- Option A, Golaknath case, was a case decided in 1967 in which the Supreme Court held that the fundamental rights could not be amended by Parliament. However, the Court’s decision in the Kesavananda Bharati case overruled the Golaknath case and held that the fundamental rights are part of the basic structure and cannot be amended.
- Option C, Minerava Mills Case, was a case decided in 1958 in which the Supreme Court held that the directive principles of state policy are not enforceable in a court of law. However, the Court’s decision in the Kesavananda Bharati case did not overrule the Minerava Mills Case. The Court held that the directive principles of state policy are not enforceable in a court of law, but they are nevertheless fundamental in the governance of the country.