In the Mesopotamian records, which one of the following terms was used

In the Mesopotamian records, which one of the following terms was used for the Indus Valley (Harappans) ?

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Dilmun

Meluha

Magan

Failaka

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UPSC NDA-2 – 2017

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Mesopotamian cuneiform texts from the third millennium BCE refer to trade relations with several foreign lands, including Dilmun, Magan, and Meluha. Meluha is widely identified by archaeologists and historians as the region of the Indus Valley Civilization.

– Meluha was a major trading partner mentioned in Mesopotamian records.
– Archaeological evidence, such as Indus seals found in Mesopotamia and Mesopotamian artifacts in the Indus region, supports this identification.
– Dilmun is generally identified with modern Bahrain and possibly Kuwait, and Magan with modern Oman and the UAE.

Trade between Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley (Meluha) involved goods like carnelian beads, lapis lazuli, copper, gold, and timber being exchanged for silver, wool, oil, and grains. This trade network flourished during the mature Harappan period.

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