The correct answer is (b).
The Directive Principles of State Policy are a set of principles that are fundamental to the governance of India. They are not enforceable by courts, but the government is expected to follow them in making laws and policies. The Directive Principles were borrowed from the Irish Constitution, which was adopted in 1937.
The Irish Constitution contains a number of provisions that are similar to the Directive Principles of State Policy. For example, Article 45 of the Irish Constitution states that the state should strive to promote the common good, to safeguard the economic interests of the people, and to provide for the education of the people.
The Directive Principles of State Policy were included in the Indian Constitution in order to ensure that the government would work for the welfare of the people. They are a reminder that the government has a responsibility to provide for the basic needs of the people and to promote social justice.
The other options are incorrect.
(a) Britain does not have a written constitution, and therefore does not have any Directive Principles of State Policy.
(c) The U.S.S.R. had a centrally planned economy, and therefore did not have any Directive Principles of State Policy.
(d) France has a written constitution, but it does not contain any Directive Principles of State Policy.