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In some parts of India, consumption of underground water causes mottle

June 1, 2025 by rawan239

In some parts of India, consumption of underground water causes mottled teeth and bone damage. Which one of the following is responsible for this malady ?

Fluoride ion

Chloride ion

Oxide ion

Carbonate ion

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2009

Download PDF Attempt Online

Fluoride ion is responsible for mottled teeth and bone damage caused by consuming contaminated underground water in some parts of India.

Excessive intake of fluoride, primarily through drinking water, leads to a condition called fluorosis. Dental fluorosis causes discoloration and mottling of tooth enamel, especially during tooth development. Skeletal fluorosis affects bones, causing joint pain, stiffness, and in severe cases, crippling deformities. Many areas in India have groundwater naturally high in fluoride.

While fluoride is essential for strengthening teeth enamel in appropriate amounts, its excess can be harmful. Chloride, Oxide, and Carbonate ions are common in water but are not the primary cause of mottled teeth and bone damage in the way that excess fluoride is.

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