The correct answer is: A. Cost of Equity
The cost of equity is the rate of return that a company must earn on its equity capital in order to satisfy its investors. It is a key component of the weighted average cost of capital (WACC), which is used to calculate the discount rate for a company’s cash flows.
The cost of equity is determined by a number of factors, including the company’s risk profile, its capital structure, and the prevailing market conditions. It is typically calculated using a model such as the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM).
In the Net Operating Income Approach, the cost of equity is assumed to be constant. This is because the approach assumes that the company’s risk profile and capital structure will not change over time.
The other options are incorrect because they are not constant in the Net Operating Income Approach. The cost of debt can change over time due to changes in interest rates. The WACC and the cost of debt are both affected by the company’s capital structure.