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In mitochondria, ATP synthesizing chemical reactions take place in the

June 1, 2025 by rawan239

In mitochondria, ATP synthesizing chemical reactions take place in the

Outer membrane.

Matrix.

Inner membrane.

DNA of mitochondria.

This question was previously asked in

UPSC NDA-1 – 2021

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In mitochondria, ATP synthesizing chemical reactions, specifically oxidative phosphorylation, take place on the inner membrane.

The inner mitochondrial membrane contains the electron transport chain complexes and ATP synthase. The process of oxidative phosphorylation, which generates the vast majority of ATP in cellular respiration, involves creating a proton gradient across the inner membrane (protons pumped from the matrix to the intermembrane space) and then using the potential energy of this gradient as protons flow back into the matrix through ATP synthase, which catalyzes the synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate.

The matrix is where the Krebs cycle occurs, producing electron carriers (NADH and FADH₂) that feed electrons into the electron transport chain located on the inner membrane. The outer membrane is permeable to small molecules and ions. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is located in the matrix and encodes some of the proteins required for mitochondrial function, but not the main ATP synthesizing reactions themselves.

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