In Kautilya's *Arthashashtra*, the con- querer king is expected to est

In Kautilya’s *Arthashashtra*, the con- querer king is expected to establish, in the conquered territories, a social order based on the

*varna* system only

*dharma, varna* and *ashrama* systems

*dharma* only

*varna* and *ashrama* systems

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UPSC CAPF – 2024

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Kautilya’s *Arthashastra* is a treatise on statecraft, economics, and military strategy. When discussing the administration of conquered territories (referred to as *labdha*), Kautilya advises the conqueror king to establish a stable and acceptable social order. This order is based on respecting and reinforcing the established social norms, customs (*dharma*), and the traditional hierarchical structures of *varna* and *ashrama* prevalent in ancient Indian society.

Kautilya’s approach was pragmatic, emphasizing the need for stability and integration in conquered regions by aligning with existing social institutions like *dharma*, *varna*, and *ashrama* systems.

Kautilya advised the king to conciliate the local population by adopting their customs, language, and religious practices, while simultaneously introducing administrative measures to strengthen central authority and ensure economic prosperity. The goal was to make the transition smooth and prevent future rebellions by integrating the new territory into the empire through respect for its social fabric, underpinned by *dharma*, *varna*, and *ashrama* as the foundational principles of social organization.

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