The correct answer is (a) Article-13.
Article 13 of the Indian Constitution prohibits the State from making any law which takes away or abridges the fundamental rights guaranteed by Part III of the Constitution. It also prohibits the State from making any law which discriminates against any citizen on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them.
The Rule of Law is a principle of governance in which all persons, institutions and entities, public and private, including the State itself, are accountable to laws that are publicly promulgated, equally enforced and independently adjudicated, and which are consistent with international human rights norms and standards. It requires, as well, measures to ensure adherence to the principles of supremacy of law, equality before the law, accountability to the law, fairness in the application of the law, separation of powers, participation in decision-making, legal certainty, avoidance of arbitrariness and procedural and legal transparency.
Article 13 of the Indian Constitution is one of the most important articles in the Constitution as it guarantees the Rule of Law. The Rule of Law is a fundamental principle of democracy and it is essential for the protection of the rights of citizens. Article 13 ensures that the State cannot make any law which violates the fundamental rights of citizens. It also ensures that the State cannot discriminate against any citizen on any grounds.
The Rule of Law is a principle that is enshrined in the Constitutions of many countries around the world. It is a principle that is essential for the protection of the rights of citizens and for the promotion of democracy.