The correct answer is (c) Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG).
The CAG is an independent constitutional authority responsible for auditing the accounts of the Union and the States, as well as of bodies and authorities substantially financed by the Union or the States. The CAG also has the power to audit the accounts of any other body or authority if the President or the Governor of a State so directs.
The CAG is appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister and the Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha. The CAG holds office for a term of six years or until he attains the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier.
The CAG submits his reports to the President, who places them before the Parliament. The CAG also submits his reports to the State Legislatures.
The CAG has the power to investigate any matter relating to the accounts of the Union or the States. He can also investigate any matter relating to the expenditure of public money.
The CAG is an important constitutional authority who plays a vital role in ensuring the accountability of the government to the people.
The other options are incorrect because:
- The Indian Parliament is the supreme legislative body of India. It is responsible for making laws and for overseeing the functioning of the government. However, the Parliament is not the guardian of the public purse.
- The President of India is the head of state of India. He is the supreme commander of the armed forces and he has the power to appoint the Prime Minister and the other members of the Council of Ministers. However, the President is not the guardian of the public purse.
- The Supreme Court of India is the highest court in India. It has the power to interpret the Constitution and to decide on the constitutional validity of laws. However, the Supreme Court is not the guardian of the public purse.