In February 2013, the International Court of Arbitration at The Hague

In February 2013, the International Court of Arbitration at The Hague ruled in favour of India’s position on the diversion of Kishanganga water setting aside the objections raised by

Pakistan
China
Nepal
Bangladesh
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2013
The correct option is A.
– The Kishanganga Hydroelectric Plant is built on the Kishanganga River in Jammu and Kashmir, India. The river is a tributary of the Jhelum, which flows into Pakistan.
– Pakistan raised objections to the project, arguing it violated the Indus Waters Treaty (1960), which governs the use of water from the Indus river system shared by India and Pakistan.
– The dispute was referred to the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague.
– In February 2013, the Court ruled on certain aspects of the dispute, generally allowing India to proceed with the project while also requiring India to maintain a minimum environmental flow of water downstream.
The Indus Waters Treaty designates the Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab rivers to Pakistan and the Sutlej, Beas, and Ravi rivers to India, while allowing certain uses (like hydro-power generation with specific provisions) on the rivers allocated to the other country. Pakistan’s objection centered on the planned diversion of water, which they argued would impact downstream flows in their territory. The ruling was seen as a mixed outcome for both countries.