If \[{\text{u}} = \log \left( {\frac{{{{\text{x}}^2} + {{\text{y}}^2}}}{{{\text{x}} + {\text{y}}}}} \right),\] what is the value of \[{\text{x}}\frac{{\partial {\text{u}}}}{{\partial {\text{x}}}} + {\text{y}}\frac{{\partial {\text{u}}}}{{\partial {\text{y}}}}\,?\] A. 0 B. 1 C. u D. eu

0
1
u
eu

The correct answer is $\boxed{0}$.

To solve this, we can use the chain rule. The chain rule says that if $u$ is a function of $v$ and $v$ is a function of $x$, then $\frac{\partial u}{\partial x} = \frac{\partial u}{\partial v} \cdot \frac{\partial v}{\partial x}$.

In this case, we have $u = \log \left( {\frac{{{{\text{x}}^2} + {{\text{y}}^2}}}{{{\text{x}} + {\text{y}}}}} \right)$, so $v = \frac{{{{\text{x}}^2} + {{\text{y}}^2}}}{{{\text{x}} + {\text{y}}}}}$ and $x$ is the independent variable.

Therefore, we can use the chain rule to find $\frac{\partial u}{\partial x}$ as follows:

\begin{align}
\frac{\partial u}{\partial x} &= \frac{\partial u}{\partial v} \cdot \frac{\partial v}{\partial x} \
&= \frac{2x}{{{{\text{x}}^2} + {{\text{y}}^2}} – \frac{2y}{{{x^2} + {y^2}}} \
&= \frac{2x – 2y}{{{{\text{x}}^2} + {{\text{y}}^2}}} \
&= \frac{2(x – y)}{{{{\text{x}}^2} + {{\text{y}}^2}}}
\end{align
}

Similarly, we can find $\frac{\partial u}{\partial y}$ as follows:

\begin{align}
\frac{\partial u}{\partial y} &= \frac{\partial u}{\partial v} \cdot \frac{\partial v}{\partial y} \
&= \frac{2y}{{{{\text{x}}^2} + {{\text{y}}^2}} – \frac{2x}{{{x^2} + {y^2}}} \
&= \frac{2y – 2x}{{{{\text{x}}^2} + {{\text{y}}^2}}} \
&= \frac{2(y – x)}{{{{\text{x}}^2} + {{\text{y}}^2}}}
\end{align
}

Therefore, the value of $\text{x} \cdot \frac{\partial u}{\partial x} + \text{y} \cdot \frac{\partial u}{\partial y}$ is:

\begin{align}
\text{x} \cdot \frac{\partial u}{\partial x} + \text{y} \cdot \frac{\partial u}{\partial y} &= \text{x} \cdot \frac{2(x – y)}{{{{\text{x}}^2} + {{\text{y}}^2}}} + \text{y} \cdot \frac{2(y – x)}{{{{\text{x}}^2} + {{\text{y}}^2}}} \
&= \frac{2(x^2 – xy + y^2)}{{{{\text{x}}^2} + {{\text{y}}^2}}} + \frac{2(xy – x^2 + y^2)}{{{{\text{x}}^2} + {{\text{y}}^2}}} \
&= \frac{2(x^2 + y^2 – x^2 – y^2)}{{{{\text{x}}^2} + {{\text{y}}^2}}} \
&= \frac{0}{{{{\text{x}}^2} + {{\text{y}}^2}}} \
&= 0
\end{align
}

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