If one mixes up ashes with animal fat, the substance received in the c

If one mixes up ashes with animal fat, the substance received in the crude form is called

[amp_mcq option1=”Pheromone” option2=”Soap” option3=”Cement” option4=”Concrete” correct=”option2″]

This question was previously asked in

UPSC NDA-2 – 2016

The correct answer is B) Soap. Historically, soap was produced by boiling animal fat with lye, which is an alkaline solution obtained from leaching ashes (often wood ashes containing potassium carbonate, which reacts with water to form potassium hydroxide, or using lime to convert sodium carbonate from plant ashes into sodium hydroxide). The process, called saponification, involves the hydrolysis of fats or oils (triglycerides) by an alkali to produce glycerol and fatty acid salts, which are soap. Mixing ashes (source of alkali) with animal fat is a crude method of making soap.

– Soap is made through saponification, a reaction between fats/oils and an alkali.
– Animal fat provides triglycerides.
– Ashes, particularly from wood, can provide alkali (potassium carbonate/hydroxide) when mixed with water.
– This historical process yields crude soap.

– Pheromones are chemical signals released by organisms.
– Cement is a binder substance used in construction.
– Concrete is a composite material made from cement, aggregate, water, and sometimes admixtures.

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