If a > b are two real numbers such that a + b = 10 and a² + b² = 52, t

If a > b are two real numbers such that a + b = 10 and a² + b² = 52, then what is the value of a – b ?

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This question was previously asked in
UPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2021
The value of $a – b$ is 2.
We are given the sum ($a+b$) and the sum of squares ($a^2+b^2$) of two numbers. We can use algebraic identities to find the product ($ab$) and subsequently the difference ($a-b$).
We are given:
1) $a + b = 10$
2) $a^2 + b^2 = 52$
We know the identity $(a+b)^2 = a^2 + 2ab + b^2$.
Substitute the given values into this identity:
$(10)^2 = 52 + 2ab$
$100 = 52 + 2ab$
Subtract 52 from both sides:
$2ab = 100 – 52$
$2ab = 48$
Divide by 2:
$ab = 24$.

Now we need to find the value of $a-b$. We know the identity $(a-b)^2 = a^2 – 2ab + b^2$.
We can rewrite this as $(a-b)^2 = (a^2 + b^2) – 2ab$.
Substitute the values of $a^2+b^2$ and $ab$ that we found:
$(a-b)^2 = 52 – 2(24)$
$(a-b)^2 = 52 – 48$
$(a-b)^2 = 4$.
Taking the square root of both sides:
$a-b = \pm \sqrt{4} = \pm 2$.
The problem states that $a > b$, which means $a-b$ must be a positive value.
Therefore, $a-b = 2$.

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