The correct answer is: b) Life expectancy, education, income.
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development. A country scores higher if it performs better on these indicators.
Life expectancy is a measure of the average number of years that a person is expected to live. It is calculated by taking into account the age-specific death rates in a population.
Education is a measure of the level of education that people in a country have attained. It is calculated by taking into account the literacy rate and the mean years of schooling.
Income is a measure of the average amount of money that people in a country earn. It is calculated by taking into account the gross national income (GNI) per capita.
The HDI was developed by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in 1990. It is used to measure the progress that countries are making in improving the lives of their people. The HDI is a valuable tool for policymakers and development practitioners, as it provides a comprehensive and objective measure of human development.
The HDI has been criticized for being too simplistic and for not taking into account a wide range of factors that affect human development, such as gender equality, environmental sustainability, and social inclusion. However, the HDI remains an important tool for measuring human development and for tracking progress over time.