The correct answer is: B. By heating coal at high temperature in absence of air.
Carbon black is a fine black powder that is produced by incomplete combustion of organic materials, such as coal, petroleum, or natural gas. It is used in a variety of applications, including tires, plastics, inks, and paints.
The process of producing carbon black is called carbonization. It involves heating coal at high temperatures in the absence of air. This causes the coal to break down into its component elements, including carbon. The carbon is then collected and processed into a fine powder.
Carbon black is a valuable material with a wide range of applications. It is used to improve the strength, durability, and appearance of a variety of products. It is also used to absorb ultraviolet light and to protect against the sun’s harmful rays.
Here is a brief explanation of each option:
- Option A: By heating wood at high temperature in absence of air. This is not the correct answer because carbon black is not produced by heating wood. Wood is a renewable resource, while carbon black is a non-renewable resource.
- Option B: By heating coal at high temperature in absence of air. This is the correct answer because carbon black is produced by heating coal at high temperatures in the absence of air.
- Option C: By burning hydrocarbons in a limited supply of air. This is not the correct answer because carbon black is not produced by burning hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are a type of organic compound that is made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms. They are found in natural gas, oil, and coal.
- Option D: By heating coal at high temperature in presence of air. This is not the correct answer because carbon black is not produced by heating coal at high temperatures in the presence of air.