The correct answer is: a) Life expectancy, education, and standard of living.
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development. A country scores higher if it performs better on these indicators.
Life expectancy is a measure of the average number of years that a person is expected to live. It is calculated by taking the average of the life expectancy at birth for both sexes.
Education is measured by the adult literacy rate and the combined gross enrollment ratio in primary, secondary, and tertiary education. The adult literacy rate is the percentage of the population aged 15 and above who can read and write. The combined gross enrollment ratio is the percentage of the population enrolled in primary, secondary, and tertiary education.
Standard of living is measured by per capita income. Per capita income is the average income per person in a country. It is calculated by dividing the total income of a country by its population.
Political freedom, religious expression, and cultural diversity are not included in the HDI. These are important factors in human development, but they are not measured by the HDI.
Population growth, urbanization, and infrastructure are also not included in the HDI. These are important factors in economic development, but they are not measured by the HDI.
The HDI is a useful tool for measuring human development, but it is important to remember that it is just one measure. There are many other factors that contribute to human development, and the HDI does not capture all of them.