The correct answer is A. Deposition of zinc on iron.
Galvanization is the process of applying a protective zinc coating to iron or steel to prevent rusting. The zinc coating forms a barrier between the iron or steel and the environment, preventing oxygen and moisture from reaching the metal and causing it to rust.
Tin, copper, and aluminum are also metals that can be used to galvanize iron or steel. However, zinc is the most common choice because it is relatively inexpensive and has excellent corrosion resistance.
The process of galvanization can be done by hot-dip galvanizing, electrogalvanizing, or sherardizing. Hot-dip galvanizing is the most common method and involves immersing the iron or steel in a bath of molten zinc. Electrogalvanizing is a process in which an electric current is used to deposit zinc onto the iron or steel. Sherardizing is a process in which the iron or steel is heated in a rotating drum filled with zinc dust.
Galvanization is an effective way to protect iron or steel from rust. It is a relatively simple and inexpensive process that can be done on a large scale. Galvanized iron or steel is used in a variety of applications, including construction, automotive, and manufacturing.