Fundamental Duties were added in the Constitution of India by the :

The correct answer is (a), 40th Amendment.

The 40th Amendment to the Constitution of India was enacted in 1976. It added a new chapter to the Constitution, namely, Part IV-A, which contains the Fundamental Duties of citizens. The Fundamental Duties are a set of obligations that are expected of all citizens of India. They are intended to promote a sense of social responsibility and to ensure the unity and integrity of the nation.

The Fundamental Duties are as follows:

1. To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem.
2. To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom.
3. To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.
4. To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
5. To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women; and to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
6. To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life, and to have compassion for living creatures.
7. To develop scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
8. To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
9. To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement.
10. To provide opportunities for education and to promote adult education.

The Fundamental Duties are not enforceable by any court, but they are nevertheless fundamental in the governance of the country. The State shall, in making laws, take these duties into consideration.