For which one of the following does the centre of mass lie outside the

For which one of the following does the centre of mass lie outside the body?

A fountain pen
A cricket ball
A ring
A book
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-1 – 2017
The correct answer is C) A ring.
The center of mass of an object is a point where the weighted average of the positions of all parts of the object is located. While for uniform solid objects with simple geometry (like a sphere or cube), the center of mass is often at the geometric center and inside the object, for objects with holes or non-uniform density, the center of mass can lie outside the physical boundaries of the object. A ring is a hollow circular structure. Its mass is distributed along the circumference, but the geometric center (and thus the center of mass for a uniform ring) is in the empty space at the center of the circle.
For a fountain pen, cricket ball, and book, the mass is distributed throughout their volume, and their center of mass will typically be located somewhere within the material of the object itself. Examples of other objects where the center of mass is outside the physical body include a hollow sphere or a boomerang.