Fold Mountains are formed in which type of tectonic settings ?

Divergent

Convergent

Transform

Rifting

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UPSC Geoscientist – 2024

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Fold Mountains are primarily formed at convergent tectonic plate boundaries. When two continental plates collide, neither subducts significantly; instead, the crust is compressed, folded, and uplifted to form large mountain ranges like the Himalayas, Alps, and Andes. Collision or subduction at convergent boundaries generates immense pressure that causes the rock layers to buckle and fold.

– Convergent boundaries involve plates moving towards each other.
– Compression forces at convergent boundaries lead to folding and faulting of crustal rocks.
– Divergent boundaries involve plates moving apart.
– Transform boundaries involve plates sliding past each other.

Other mountain types include block mountains (formed by faulting and uplift/subsidence of crustal blocks, often at divergent or transform boundaries), volcanic mountains (formed by accumulation of volcanic material, often at convergent or divergent boundaries), and erosional mountains (remnants of dissected plateaus).

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