The correct answer is: a) Overflowing rivers during monsoon.
Punjab is a state in northwestern India that is located in the Indo-Gangetic Plain. The state is home to several major rivers, including the Sutlej, Beas, Ravi, and Chenab. These rivers are fed by the monsoon rains that fall in the region from June to September. During the monsoon season, the rivers can overflow their banks, causing widespread flooding.
Flooding is a major problem in Punjab because it can damage crops, infrastructure, and homes. It can also lead to loss of life. In recent years, there have been several major floods in Punjab, including the 2014 floods that affected over 10 million people.
The government of Punjab has taken several measures to mitigate the risk of flooding, including building embankments along rivers, improving drainage systems, and raising awareness about the dangers of flooding. However, flooding remains a major problem in the state.
The other options are incorrect because:
- Cyclonic activity is not a major cause of flooding in Punjab.
- Tsunami surges are not a major cause of flooding in Punjab.
- Dam failures are not a major cause of flooding in Punjab.