The answer is $\boxed{3}$.
The missing number is the number that completes the sequence. The sequence is $1, 2, 4, 7, 11, 16, 22, 29, \boxed{36}$. This is a Fibonacci sequence, which is a series of numbers where each number is the sum of the two preceding numbers.
Option A is incorrect because $5$ is not in the Fibonacci sequence.
Option B is incorrect because $1$ is the first number in the Fibonacci sequence.
Option C is incorrect because $0$ is not in the Fibonacci sequence.
Option D is incorrect because $36$ is the eighth number in the Fibonacci sequence.