The correct answer is A. needs.
The sentence is in the present tense, so the verb needs is the most appropriate choice. The other options are not grammatically correct in this context.
Option B, is needed, is in the passive voice. The passive voice is not typically used in medical contexts, where the focus is on the patient and their needs.
Option C, need, is the plural form of the verb. The sentence is about one person, so the singular form needs is more appropriate.
Option D, needed, is the past tense of the verb. The sentence is about the present, so the present tense needs is more appropriate.