Factors contributing to population growth in Madhya Pradesh include:

The correct answer is: D) All of the above.

High fertility rates, declining mortality rates, and migration are all factors that contribute to population growth in Madhya Pradesh.

• High fertility rates mean that women are having more children on average. This can lead to population growth if the number of births exceeds the number of deaths.
• Declining mortality rates mean that fewer people are dying. This can also lead to population growth if the number of births remains the same or increases.
• Migration is the movement of people from one place to another. If more people are moving into Madhya Pradesh than are moving out, this can also lead to population growth.

In addition to these factors, population growth can also be influenced by other factors such as changes in age structure, life expectancy, and economic conditions.