The correct answer is d) All of the above.
Excessive tourism and human activity can lead to habitat destruction, wildlife disturbance, and pollution.
Habitat destruction occurs when natural areas are converted into other uses, such as for agriculture, development, or recreation. This can lead to the loss of habitat for plants and animals, and can also fragment habitats, making it difficult for animals to move around and find food and mates.
Wildlife disturbance occurs when human activities interfere with the natural behavior of animals. This can include things like noise pollution, light pollution, and disturbance from people and vehicles. Wildlife disturbance can lead to stress, injury, and death in animals.
Pollution occurs when harmful substances are released into the environment. This can include air pollution, water pollution, and land pollution. Pollution can harm plants and animals, and can also make people sick.
All of these problems can have a negative impact on the environment and on the people who live in or visit these areas. It is important to be aware of the potential impacts of tourism and human activity, and to take steps to minimize these impacts.