The correct answer is: d) All of the above.
Excessive coal mining can lead to a number of environmental issues, including acid mine drainage, air pollution, and land subsidence.
Acid mine drainage is a type of water pollution that occurs when coal is mined. The process of mining releases sulfuric acid and other pollutants into the water, which can damage aquatic ecosystems and make the water unsafe for drinking or irrigation.
Air pollution is another environmental issue that can be caused by coal mining. The dust and other pollutants released during mining can contribute to smog and other air quality problems.
Land subsidence is a third environmental issue that can be caused by coal mining. When coal is removed from the ground, the land above it can collapse, causing sinkholes and other problems.
All of these environmental issues can have a significant impact on human health and the environment. It is important to take steps to mitigate the environmental impacts of coal mining, such as using best practices in mining operations and restoring land that has been disturbed by mining.