Ex situ conservation includes

Zoo
Botanic garden
Germplasm bank
all of the above

The correct answer is D. all of the above.

Ex situ conservation is the conservation of plant and animal species outside of their natural habitats. It is often used to protect species that are threatened or endangered in the wild. There are many different methods of ex situ conservation, including zoos, botanic gardens, and germplasm banks.

Zoos are facilities that house animals for public display. They can also be used to breed endangered species and to educate the public about conservation. Botanic gardens are gardens that grow plants for scientific research, education, and display. They can also be used to conserve rare and endangered plants. Germplasm banks are facilities that store seeds, pollen, and other plant material. They can be used to preserve plant diversity and to restore plant populations that have been lost in the wild.

Ex situ conservation is an important tool for protecting biodiversity. It can help to prevent the extinction of species and to restore populations that have been lost. However, it is important to note that ex situ conservation is not a substitute for in situ conservation, which is the conservation of species in their natural habitats. In situ conservation is the best way to protect species from extinction and to ensure their long-term survival.

Here is a brief explanation of each option:

  • Zoos are facilities that house animals for public display. They can also be used to breed endangered species and to educate the public about conservation.
  • Botanic gardens are gardens that grow plants for scientific research, education, and display. They can also be used to conserve rare and endangered plants.
  • Germplasm banks are facilities that store seeds, pollen, and other plant material. They can be used to preserve plant diversity and to restore plant populations that have been lost in the wild.
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