Eukaryotic cells are much more complex as compared to prokaryotes. Whi

Eukaryotic cells are much more complex as compared to prokaryotes. Which one of the following structures is exclusively present in a eukaryotic cell ?

Cell wall

Plasma membrane

Nucleic acid

Mitochondria

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC NDA-2 – 2023

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Mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles responsible for cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells. They are absent in prokaryotic cells. The other options are present in both types of cells: Cell walls are present in plant and fungal eukaryotes as well as bacterial prokaryotes. Plasma membrane is the outer boundary of all cells. Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are the genetic material found in all cells.

Eukaryotic cells are characterized by the presence of a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and chloroplasts (in plants and algae), which are absent in prokaryotes.

Prokaryotic cells lack a true nucleus and complex membrane-bound organelles. Their genetic material is located in a nucleoid region. Eukaryotic cells compartmentalize cellular functions within organelles, contributing to their complexity.

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