The correct answer is: d) All of the above.
Mining can have a significant impact on the environment, including deforestation, water pollution, and air pollution.
Deforestation is the clearing of forests for other uses, such as agriculture or mining. This can lead to a loss of biodiversity, soil erosion, and climate change.
Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies, such as rivers, lakes, and oceans. This can be caused by mining activities, such as the runoff of chemicals and sediment from mine sites.
Air pollution is the contamination of the air with harmful substances, such as dust, smoke, and gases. This can be caused by mining activities, such as the burning of coal or the release of dust from mine sites.
Mining can also have a number of other environmental impacts, such as noise pollution, land degradation, and social impacts.
It is important to take steps to mitigate the environmental impacts of mining, such as using sustainable mining practices and restoring land after mining activities have ceased.