The correct answer is: d) All of the above
Deforestation is the permanent removal of trees to make room for something besides forest. This can include clearing the land for agriculture or grazing, or using the timber for fuel, construction or manufacturing. Deforestation can have a number of negative environmental impacts, including:
- Soil erosion: When trees are removed, the soil is no longer held in place by their roots. This can lead to soil erosion, which can damage waterways and make it difficult to grow crops.
- Climate change: Deforestation releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which contributes to climate change.
- Loss of biodiversity: Forests are home to a wide variety of plants and animals. When forests are cleared, these species lose their habitat and may become extinct.
Soil erosion is the process by which soil is moved from one place to another by the action of wind or water. Soil erosion can be caused by natural processes, such as floods and storms, or by human activities, such as deforestation and agriculture. Soil erosion can have a number of negative environmental impacts, including:
- Loss of topsoil: Topsoil is the most fertile layer of soil and is essential for growing crops. When topsoil is eroded, it can take many years to replace.
- Sedimentation: Soil that is eroded can be carried away by water and deposited in rivers, lakes, and oceans. This can cause problems for aquatic ecosystems and can also make water supplies unsafe for drinking and irrigation.
- Land degradation: Soil erosion can lead to land degradation, which is the loss of the productive capacity of land. Land degradation can make it difficult to grow crops and can also lead to flooding and landslides.
Wildlife conservation is the practice of protecting wild animals and their habitats. Wildlife conservation can be done through a variety of methods, such as creating protected areas, enforcing laws against poaching, and educating the public about the importance of wildlife. Wildlife conservation is important because it helps to protect the biodiversity of the planet and ensures that future generations will be able to enjoy the benefits of wildlife.
The environmental challenges facing Assam are complex and interrelated. Deforestation, soil erosion, and wildlife conservation are all important issues that need to be addressed in order to protect the environment of Assam.