The correct answer is: d) All of the above
Empowerment of local bodies, community participation, and strengthening of grassroots institutions are all important aspects of decentralization. Decentralization is the process of transferring power and decision-making from central government to local governments or communities. It is often seen as a way to improve efficiency and effectiveness, as well as to increase citizen participation in government.
Empowerment of local bodies means giving them more authority to make decisions about their own affairs. This can be done by transferring financial resources, administrative powers, and decision-making authority to local governments. Community participation means involving citizens in the decision-making process. This can be done through public hearings, surveys, and other forms of consultation. Strengthening of grassroots institutions means building the capacity of local organizations to represent the interests of their members and to participate in decision-making. This can be done through training, funding, and other forms of support.
All of these measures can help to improve the quality of life for citizens and to make government more responsive to their needs.