Chemical composition
Texture
Resistance to atmosphere
All the above
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The correct answer is D. All the above.
The durability of building stone is affected by its chemical composition, texture, and resistance to atmosphere.
- Chemical composition: The chemical composition of a stone determines its physical properties, such as its strength, density, and porosity. Stones with a high silica content are generally more durable than those with a low silica content.
- Texture: The texture of a stone refers to its grain size and shape. Stones with a fine grain size and a uniform texture are generally more durable than those with a coarse grain size and an uneven texture.
- Resistance to atmosphere: The resistance of a stone to the elements, such as rain, snow, and ice, is determined by its porosity and permeability. Stones with a low porosity and permeability are generally more resistant to weathering than those with a high porosity and permeability.
In addition to these factors, the durability of building stone is also affected by its age, the way it is quarried and cut, and the way it is used in construction.