Dr. B. R. Ambedkar described Directive Principles of state Policy as the “conscience of the constitution”. This is because the Directive Principles are a set of principles that are intended to guide the government in its policymaking. They are not enforceable in court, but they are nevertheless considered to be fundamental to the governance of India. The Directive Principles include principles such as social justice, economic justice, and secularism. They are intended to ensure that the government acts in the best interests of all citizens, regardless of their social or economic status.
The other options are incorrect because:
- Option A: The heart of the constitution is the Preamble, which sets out the basic principles of the Indian state.
- Option B: The novel features of the constitution include the federal system of government, the independence of the judiciary, and the right to equality.
- Option D: The backbone of the constitution is the Fundamental Rights, which are the basic rights of all citizens.