Directions : In each of the following questions a statement is given, followed by two conclusions. Give answer : Statement : Most people who stop smoking gain weight. Assumptions : I. If one stops smoking, one will gain weight. II. If one does not stop smoking, one will not gain weight.

The correct answer is: C. Either I or II is implicit.

The statement “Most people who stop smoking gain weight” does not imply that everyone who stops smoking will gain weight, nor does it imply that everyone who gains weight has stopped smoking. Therefore, neither assumption I nor assumption II is necessarily true. However, both assumptions are possible explanations for the statement. It is possible that people who stop smoking gain weight because they are no longer burning as many calories, or because they are using food to cope with the stress of quitting smoking. It is also possible that people who gain weight are more likely to quit smoking, because they are unhappy with their appearance or health. Therefore, either assumption I or assumption II could be true, but we cannot say for sure without more information.

Here is a more detailed explanation of each option:

• A. Only assumption I is implicit. This option is incorrect because assumption I is not necessarily true. As explained above, it is possible that people who stop smoking gain weight for reasons other than simply stopping smoking.
• B. Only assumption II is implicit. This option is also incorrect because assumption II is not necessarily true. As explained above, it is possible that people who gain weight do so for reasons other than simply quitting smoking.
• C. Either I or II is implicit. This option is correct because both assumptions are possible explanations for the statement. It is possible that people who stop smoking gain weight because they are no longer burning as many calories, or because they are using food to cope with the stress of quitting smoking. It is also possible that people who gain weight are more likely to quit smoking, because they are unhappy with their appearance or health. Therefore, either assumption I or assumption II could be true, but we cannot say for sure without more information.
• D. Neither I nor II is implicit. This option is incorrect because both assumptions are possible explanations for the statement.
• E. Both I and II are implicit. This option is also incorrect because both assumptions are not necessarily true.