Diamond is a polymorph of graphite. Both contain carbon atoms, but they have extremely different properties because of the condition in which they are formed. Diamond is obtained after applying
very high pressure and low temperature
very low pressure and high temperature
very low pressure and low temperature
very high pressure and high temperature
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This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2013
Diamond and graphite are both allotropes (polymorphs) of carbon. Their dramatically different properties (hardness, electrical conductivity, etc.) arise from their different crystal structures, which are formed under vastly different pressure and temperature conditions. Graphite is the stable form of carbon at standard conditions, while diamond is stable only at extremely high pressures and temperatures.