The correct answer is (d). Rotation of the earth on its own axis causes day and night. The earth rotates on its axis once every 24 hours. This means that one side of the earth is always facing the sun, while the other side is always facing away from the sun. The side of the earth that is facing the sun is in daylight, while the side that is facing away from the sun is in darkness.
The other options are incorrect. The inclination of the earth’s axis is the angle between the earth’s axis and the plane of its orbit around the sun. This angle is about 23.5 degrees. The inclination of the earth’s axis causes the seasons.
The revolution of the earth around the sun is the movement of the earth around the sun in a circular orbit. The earth takes about 365.25 days to complete one revolution around the sun. The revolution of the earth around the sun causes the year.
The spheroidal shape of the earth is the shape of the earth that is slightly flattened at the poles and bulges at the equator. The spheroidal shape of the earth does not cause day and night.