Damage to the apical meristem of a growing young plant will affect the

length of the plant

colour of the flower

colour of the leaves

taste of the fruits

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC NDA-2 – 2018

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Damage to the apical meristem of a growing young plant will primarily affect its length.

– Apical meristems are located at the tips of shoots and roots.
– They are responsible for primary growth, which results in an increase in the length of the plant.
– Damage to these meristems inhibits or stops this primary growth.

Other types of meristems include lateral meristems (like cambium), responsible for secondary growth (increase in girth or diameter), and intercalary meristems (found at the base of leaves or internodes), responsible for increasing the length of internodes. The colour of flowers or leaves is related to pigments, and the taste of fruits is related to metabolic products, none of which are directly and immediately affected by damage to the apical meristem as significantly as the plant’s length.

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