The correct answer is: All of the above.
Crop diversification in Punjab aims to reduce the environmental impact of agriculture, improve farmer incomes, and ensure food security.
- Reducing the environmental impact of agriculture
Punjab is a major producer of wheat and rice, two crops that are water-intensive and require the use of chemical fertilizers. Crop diversification can help to reduce the use of water and chemicals, which can improve the environment and protect water resources.
- Improving farmer incomes
Punjab’s farmers are often at risk of poverty due to low crop prices and high input costs. Crop diversification can help to improve farmer incomes by providing them with a wider range of crops to grow and by reducing their reliance on a single crop.
- Ensuring food security
Punjab is a major food producer, but it is also a major importer of food. Crop diversification can help to ensure food security by reducing the state’s reliance on imports and by increasing the availability of locally produced food.
In addition to these three main goals, crop diversification can also help to improve soil health, reduce the risk of pests and diseases, and create jobs in the agricultural sector.