Corruption and lack of transparency can undermine:

The correct answer is: d) All of the above

Corruption and lack of transparency can undermine accountability of Panchayats, public trust in the system, and effective use of funds.

• Accountability of Panchayats: Corruption can lead to a lack of accountability of Panchayats to their constituents. When resources are misappropriated or used for personal gain, it undermines the trust that people have in their elected officials. This can make it difficult for Panchayats to function effectively and deliver services to their communities.
• Public trust in the system: Corruption can also erode public trust in the system as a whole. When people see that public officials are not held accountable for their actions, it can lead to a feeling that the system is rigged in favor of the wealthy and powerful. This can make it difficult to build a strong and resilient democracy.
• Effective use of funds: Corruption can also lead to the inefficient and ineffective use of public funds. When resources are diverted from their intended purpose, it can prevent them from being used to address the most pressing needs of the community. This can have a devastating impact on the lives of the poorest and most vulnerable members of society.

In conclusion, corruption and lack of transparency can have a number of negative consequences, including undermining accountability of Panchayats, public trust in the system, and effective use of funds. It is important to take steps to address these issues in order to build a strong and resilient democracy.