The correct answer is D. All of the above.
Contract farming is a form of agricultural production in which farmers agree to grow crops or raise livestock according to the specifications of a buyer. The buyer may be a company, a government agency, or another farmer. The contract typically specifies the type of crop or livestock to be grown, the quantity to be produced, the quality standards, the delivery schedule, and the price to be paid.
Contract farming can provide farmers with a number of benefits, including:
- A guaranteed market for their produce
- Access to credit and other inputs
- Technical assistance
- Price stability
However, contract farming can also have some disadvantages for farmers, including:
- Dependence on the buyer
- Loss of control over production decisions
- Vulnerability to market fluctuations
Overall, contract farming can be a beneficial arrangement for both farmers and buyers. However, it is important for farmers to carefully consider the terms of the contract before signing it.
Here is a brief explanation of each option:
- Option A: Agreements between farmers and buyers. This is a key feature of contract farming. The contract specifies the terms of the agreement, such as the type of crop or livestock to be grown, the quantity to be produced, the quality standards, the delivery schedule, and the price to be paid.
- Option B: Pre-determined prices. The contract typically specifies the price to be paid for the produce. This can help farmers to plan their production and finances.
- Option C: Assured market. The buyer agrees to purchase the produce at the agreed-upon price. This can help farmers to avoid the risk of not being able to sell their produce.
I hope this helps!