Contract farming in horticulture helps ensure:

The correct answer is: D) All of the above

Contract farming is an agreement between a farmer and a buyer, in which the buyer agrees to purchase a certain quantity of produce from the farmer at a pre-agreed price. This type of farming can help farmers to ensure a market for their produce, as well as a fair price for their labor. Additionally, contract farming can help to improve the quality of produce, as farmers are incentivized to meet the buyer’s standards.

Here is a brief explanation of each option:

• Market linkage for farmers: Contract farming can help farmers to connect with buyers who are willing to purchase their produce. This can be especially helpful for farmers who live in remote areas or who do not have the resources to market their produce themselves.
• Pre-determined prices: Contract farming can help farmers to secure a pre-determined price for their produce. This can help farmers to plan their finances and to avoid the risk of price fluctuations.
• Quality standards: Contract farming can help to improve the quality of produce, as farmers are incentivized to meet the buyer’s standards. This can lead to higher prices for farmers and to a better quality of life for consumers.