Constitutional safeguards available to Civil Servants are ensured by

Article 310

Article 311

Article 312

Article 317

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CDS-2 – 2017

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Article 311 of the Constitution of India provides specific constitutional safeguards to civil servants against arbitrary dismissal, removal, or reduction in rank.

Article 311(1) states that no person who is a member of a civil service of the Union or an all-India service or a civil service of a State or holds a civil post under the Union or a State shall be dismissed or removed by an authority subordinate to that by which he was appointed.
Article 311(2) mandates that no such person shall be dismissed or removed or reduced in rank except after an inquiry in which he has been informed of the charges against him and given a reasonable opportunity of being heard in respect of those charges.

Article 310 deals with the doctrine of pleasure, under which civil servants hold office during the pleasure of the President or the Governor, but this is subject to the safeguards provided under Article 311. Article 312 pertains to the creation of All India Services. Article 317 deals with the removal or suspension of a member of a Public Service Commission. Thus, Article 311 is the primary article ensuring constitutional safeguards for civil servants regarding their tenure and disciplinary action.

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