The correct answer is C. 13.40%.
The formula for calculating the expected rate of return is:
Expected rate of return = Dividend yield + Constant growth rate
In this case, the dividend yield is 5.4% and the constant growth rate is 8%. Therefore, the expected rate of return is:
Expected rate of return = 5.4% + 8% = 13.40%
Option A is incorrect because it is the negative of the expected rate of return. Option B is incorrect because it is the dividend yield. Option D is incorrect because it is the negative of the dividend yield.