Consider the following statements relating to Sea Salinity : 1. The

Consider the following statements relating to Sea Salinity :

  • 1. The ocean salinity depends on evaporation and precipitation
  • 2. Any change in the temperature or density influences the salinity
  • 3. Major source of sea salinity is terrestrial discharge by rivers

Which of the statements given above are correct?

1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2016
All three statements relating to sea salinity are correct.
1. The ocean salinity depends on evaporation and precipitation: High evaporation increases salinity by removing water. High precipitation decreases salinity by adding fresh water. This statement is correct.
2. Any change in the temperature or density influences the salinity: Temperature affects the rate of evaporation and ice formation (brine rejection), thus influencing salinity. Density is determined by temperature and salinity. Changes in density (e.g., due to temperature changes) can cause water masses to move, influencing the distribution of salinity through mixing and circulation. This statement is correct.
3. Major source of sea salinity is terrestrial discharge by rivers: Rivers carry dissolved salts and minerals from the land, derived from the weathering of rocks, into the oceans. This continuous input over geological time is the primary reason for the ocean’s saltiness. This statement is correct.
Other contributions to sea salinity include volcanic outgassing, dissolution of seafloor rocks, and hydrothermal vents, but riverine input is the most significant source of dissolved solids.