Consider the following statements regarding cell wall composition :

by

Consider the following statements regarding cell wall composition :

  • Bacterial cell wall is made of peptidoglycan.
  • Fungal cell wall is made of cellulose.
  • Animals lack cell wall and have extracellular matrix made up of sugar and proteins.

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

2 only
1 and 2
1 and 3
1, 2 and 3
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-1 – 2023
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The correct answer is C) 1 and 3.
Statement 1 is correct. The cell wall of most bacteria is primarily composed of peptidoglycan, a polymer consisting of sugars and amino acids, which provides structural support and protection. Statement 2 is incorrect. Fungal cell walls are mainly composed of chitin, a tough polysaccharide, although other components like glucans are also present. Plant cell walls are made of cellulose. Statement 3 is correct. Animal cells do not possess a rigid cell wall. Instead, animal tissues have an extracellular matrix (ECM) which is a complex network of secreted molecules, including various proteins (like collagen, elastin) and glycoproteins (like proteoglycans, which are composed of protein and carbohydrate chains), providing support, adhesion, and signaling functions.
The presence or absence and composition of the cell wall are key distinguishing features between different kingdoms of life. Bacteria, fungi, and plants all have cell walls, but their composition differs significantly. Animals do not have cell walls, which allows for greater flexibility and mobility of their cells and tissues.

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