Consider the following statements: Particles of matter intermix on t

Consider the following statements:

  • Particles of matter intermix on their own.
  • Particles of matter have force acting between them.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2019
Both statements about particles of matter are correct.
Statement 1: Particles of matter intermix on their own due to their constant motion. This phenomenon is known as diffusion and is responsible for mixing substances when brought into contact, e.g., sugar dissolving in water, or smells spreading in the air.
Statement 2: Particles of matter have forces acting between them. These are intermolecular forces of attraction (like Van der Waals forces) and repulsion, which hold the particles together in solids and liquids, and are weaker in gases. These forces influence the physical state and properties of matter.
Matter is composed of particles that are in constant motion (at temperatures above absolute zero) and interact with each other through forces.
The strength of intermolecular forces and the kinetic energy of particles determine the state of matter (solid, liquid, gas). Diffusion rates depend on factors like temperature, concentration gradient, and the state of matter.