Consider the following statements : Adenoviruses have single-strand

Consider the following statements :

Adenoviruses have single-stranded DNA genomes whereas retroviruses have double-stranded DNA genomes.
Common cold is sometime caused by an adenovirus whereas AIDS is caused by a retrovirus.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

[amp_mcq option1=”1 only” option2=”2 only” option3=”Both 1 and 2″ option4=”Neither 1 nor 2″ correct=”option2″]

This question was previously asked in

UPSC IAS – 2021

Statement 1 is incorrect, while statement 2 is correct.

– Statement 1: Adenoviruses are non-enveloped viruses with a *double-stranded* linear DNA genome. Retroviruses are enveloped viruses with a *single-stranded* RNA genome (typically two copies). They are called retroviruses because they use an enzyme called reverse transcriptase to convert their RNA genome into double-stranded DNA after infecting the host cell. Therefore, statement 1 is incorrect.
– Statement 2: Adenoviruses are one of the common causes of the common cold, along with rhinoviruses and coronaviruses. AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), which is a well-known example of a retrovirus. Therefore, statement 2 is correct.

Adenoviruses can also cause other illnesses like conjunctivitis, bronchitis, and gastroenteritis. HIV primarily infects components of the human immune system, such as CD4+ T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells, leading to progressive failure of the immune system.

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