Consider the following statements about the Santhal Hool of 1855-56:

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The Santhals were in a desperate situation as tribal lands were leased out
The Santhal rebels were treated very leniently by British officials
Santhal inhabited areas were eventually constituted into separate administrative units called Santhal parganas
The Santhal rebellion was the only major rebellion in mid 19th century India

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

1 only

2 and 3

1, 3 and 4

1 and 3 only

Answer is Right!

Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2016

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Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Statement 1 is correct; the Santhals were increasingly exploited by moneylenders, landlords, and government officials, losing their land. Statement 3 is correct; following the rebellion, certain areas were demarcated and constituted into Santhal Parganas through the Santhal Parganas Tenancy Act of 1876, aiming to protect their land rights. Statement 2 is incorrect; the Santhal rebels were suppressed with extreme brutality by the British. Statement 4 is incorrect; there were numerous other major rebellions in mid-19th century India, such as the Indigo Rebellion (1859-60), Munda Rebellion (starting 1899), etc., not to mention the widespread Sepoy Mutiny of 1857-58.

The Santhal Hool (rebellion) was a significant tribal uprising against exploitation and land alienation by outsiders and the colonial state.

The rebellion was led by Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu. The Santhals proclaimed themselves independent and took action against moneylenders and government forces. The brutal suppression highlighted the state’s response to such uprisings but also led to some protective measures being enacted later.

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