Consider the following statements about the post-cold war directional

Consider the following statements about the post-cold war directional changes in Indian foreign policy:

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By the mid 1990s, Indian foreign policy submitted itself to a process of adaptive learning to boost its status and influence in the global pecking order.
Indian foreign policy has shifted from an overemphasis on idealism during the cold war era to pragmatic realism in the post-cold war era.
Indian foreign policy is geared to establish tangible economic and security partnership with major regions and countries of the world.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

1 and 2 only

1 only

2 only

1, 2 and 3

Answer is Right!

Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2011

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All three statements accurately describe the evolution of Indian foreign policy in the post-Cold War era. Statement 1 reflects India’s adaptation to the unipolar/multipolar world order and proactive engagement to enhance its global position. Statement 2 captures the shift from the ideological non-alignment of the Cold War to a more interest-driven, pragmatic approach. Statement 3 highlights the increased focus on concrete economic and security cooperation with various global partners, moving beyond rhetoric to tangible outcomes.

– Post-Cold War Indian foreign policy became more flexible and adaptive.
– There was a discernible shift towards pragmatic realism and national interest.
– Building concrete economic and security partnerships became a central theme.

Key policy shifts include the ‘Look East Policy’ (later Act East Policy), strengthening ties with the United States, engaging with multilateral forums like BRICS, SCO, and focusing on economic diplomacy alongside traditional security concerns. This period saw India becoming a more active and influential player on the global stage.

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